Java - Rules "Optimize Database Queries"

ecocode-rules-specifications/src/main/rules/EC475/EC475.json

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+  "title": "Optimize Database Queries",
+  "type": "CODE_SMELL",
+  "status": "ready",
+  "tags": [
+    "performance",
+    "eco-design",
+    "ecocode"
+  ],
+  "defaultSeverity": "Minor"
+}

ecocode-rules-specifications/src/main/rules/EC475/java/EC475.asciidoc

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+Databases are typically essential application components. As many queries are used to retrieve and store data, they end up having a significant impact on the solution's resource use when executed frequently.
+
+With this in mind, it is important to pay attention for these queries and ensure, at least for the most expensive ones that they are well optimized.
+
+The most common optimization tips are:
+
+- Use less data and limit it to the bare minimum. For example, the LIMIT clause limits the number of result rows in relational databases. When possible, using the 'LIMIT' clause reduces the amount of transferred data. Performance gains will be even more significant if records contain a large number of voluminous fields.
+
+- Only use necessary fields in the tables or documents in order to avoid needlessly transferring data that will not be used and to avoid using database server and application server resources to manipulate them.
+
+- Add indexes on fields used as keys in your model. Adding them can completely change queries performance. Be careful: adding indexes makes writing longer as it must be updated for each added, modified or deleted document. This must be done if there are more reads than writes or if reads are particularly expensive.
+
+- Use database management system tools to analyze queries in order to identify improvement areas, such as EXPLAIN for RDBMS.
+
+- Cache the most expensive queries results as well as data that changes little or never (reference data).
+
+- Optionally, modifying data models to be able to access information more easily without joins (denormalization)
+
+
+## Noncompliant Code Example
+
+```java
+ String sql = "SELECT user FROM myTable";
+```
+
+## Compliant Code Example
+
+```java
+ String sql = "SELECT user FROM myTable LIMIT 50";
+```
+
+### Index creation example
+
+```sql
+CREATE INDEX idx_people_lastname_firstname ON people(lastname, firstname)
+```

java-plugin/src/main/java/fr/greencodeinitiative/java/JavaCheckRegistrar.java

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 import fr.greencodeinitiative.java.checks.OptimizeReadFileExceptions;
 import fr.greencodeinitiative.java.checks.UnnecessarilyAssignValuesToVariables;
 import fr.greencodeinitiative.java.checks.UseCorrectForLoop;
+import fr.greencodeinitiative.java.checks.OptimizeDatabaseQueries;
 import org.sonar.plugins.java.api.CheckRegistrar;
 import org.sonar.plugins.java.api.JavaCheck;
 import org.sonarsource.api.sonarlint.SonarLintSide;
@@ -69,7 +70,8 @@ public class JavaCheckRegistrar implements CheckRegistrar {
             AvoidUsingGlobalVariablesCheck.class,
             AvoidSetConstantInBatchUpdate.class,
             FreeResourcesOfAutoCloseableInterface.class,
-            AvoidMultipleIfElseStatement.class
+            AvoidMultipleIfElseStatement.class,
+            OptimizeDatabaseQueries.class
     );
 
     /**

java-plugin/src/main/java/fr/greencodeinitiative/java/checks/OptimizeDatabaseQueries.java

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package fr.greencodeinitiative.java.checks;
+
+import org.sonar.check.Rule;
+import org.sonar.plugins.java.api.IssuableSubscriptionVisitor;
+import org.sonar.plugins.java.api.tree.LiteralTree;
+import org.sonar.plugins.java.api.tree.Tree;
+import org.sonar.plugins.java.api.tree.Tree.Kind;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+
+import static java.util.Collections.singletonList;
+import static java.util.regex.Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE;
+import static java.util.regex.Pattern.compile;
+
+@Rule(key = "EC475")
+public class OptimizeDatabaseQueries extends IssuableSubscriptionVisitor{
+    public static final String MESSAGE_RULE = "Optimize Database Queries (Clause LIMIT)";
+    private static final Predicate<String> LIMIT_REGEXP =
+            compile("limit", CASE_INSENSITIVE).asPredicate();
+    private static final Predicate<String> SELECT_REGEXP =
+            compile("select", CASE_INSENSITIVE).asPredicate();
+    private static final Predicate<String> FROM_REGEXP =
+            compile("from", CASE_INSENSITIVE).asPredicate();
+
+    @Override
+    public List<Kind> nodesToVisit() {
+        return singletonList(Kind.STRING_LITERAL);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void visitNode(Tree tree) {
+        String value = ((LiteralTree) tree).value();
+        if (SELECT_REGEXP.test(value) && FROM_REGEXP.test(value) && !LIMIT_REGEXP.test(value)) {
+            reportIssue(tree, MESSAGE_RULE);
+        }
+    }
+}

java-plugin/src/test/files/OptimizeDatabaseQueries.java

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+class OptimizeDatabaseQueries {
+
+    OptimizeDatabaseQueries(OptimizeDatabaseQueries mc) {
+    }
+
+    public void literalSQLrequest() {
+        dummyCall("SELECT user FROM myTable"); // Noncompliant
+        dummyCall("SELECT user FROM myTable LIMIT 50"); // Compliant
+    }
+
+    @Query("select t from Todo t where t.status != 'COMPLETED'") // Noncompliant
+    @Query("select t from Todo t where t.status != 'COMPLETED' LIMIT 25") // Compliant
+
+    private void callQuery() {
+        String sql1 = "SELECT user FROM myTable"; // Noncompliant
+        String sql2 = "SELECT user FROM myTable LIMIT 50"; // Compliant
+    }
+
+    private void dummyCall(String request) {
+    }
+}

java-plugin/src/test/java/fr/greencodeinitiative/java/JavaCheckRegistrarTest.java

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ void checkNumberRules() {
         final JavaCheckRegistrar registrar = new JavaCheckRegistrar();
         registrar.register(context);
 
-        assertThat(context.checkClasses()).hasSize(19);
+        assertThat(context.checkClasses()).hasSize(20);
         assertThat(context.testCheckClasses()).isEmpty();
     }
 

java-plugin/src/test/java/fr/greencodeinitiative/java/JavaRulesDefinitionTest.java

@@ -77,12 +77,12 @@ void testMetadata() {
         assertThat(repository.name()).isEqualTo("ecoCode");
         assertThat(repository.language()).isEqualTo("java");
         assertThat(repository.key()).isEqualTo("ecocode-java");
-        assertThat(repository.rules()).hasSize(19);
+        assertThat(repository.rules()).hasSize(20);
     }
 
     @Test
     void testRegistredRules() {
-        assertThat(repository.rules()).hasSize(19);
+        assertThat(repository.rules()).hasSize(20);
     }
 
     @Test

java-plugin/src/test/java/fr/greencodeinitiative/java/checks/OptimizeDatabaseQueriesTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package fr.greencodeinitiative.java.checks;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.sonar.java.checks.verifier.CheckVerifier;
+
+class OptimizeDatabaseQueriesTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void test() {
+        CheckVerifier.newVerifier()
+                .onFile("src/test/files/OptimizeDatabaseQueries.java")
+                .withCheck(new OptimizeDatabaseQueries())
+                .verifyIssues();
+    }
+
+}