Fail amend commits when branch head has moved

[elianddb]

When a SQL transaction ran CALL DOLT_COMMIT('--amend') after another connection had added a commit or merged a branch, the amend silently replaced the transaction HEAD commit up to the new HEAD commit. The data from the erased commits survived, but the commit itself, including merge records we're gone.

• datas.CommitOptions.Amend is replaced with AmendedCommit (hash.Hash), the address of the commit an amend replaces.
• datas.BuildNewCommit rejects an amend unless AmendedCommit is still the dataset HEAD, relying on the CAS in CommitWithWorkingSet` for atomic comparison.
• dsess.doCommit runs validateAmendedHead before the working set merge to specify the head conflict over a row conflict.
• Amend is refused mid merge, cherry-pick, in parity with git and revert, a Dolt-specific addition because it follows the same merge state.
• The admin createchunk command's HEAD check bypass moves from the Amend flag to a new explicit CommitOptions.Force field.
  Fix Potential concurrency Issue with call dolt_commit('--amend') #9072

[coffeegoddd]

@elianddb DOLT

read_tests	from_latency	to_latency	percent_change
covering_index_scan	2.3	2.3	0.0
groupby_scan	144.97	142.39	-1.78
index_join	1.96	1.93	-1.53
index_join_scan	1.32	1.32	0.0
index_scan	219.36	219.36	0.0
oltp_point_select	0.26	0.26	0.0
oltp_read_only	5.0	5.0	0.0
select_random_points	0.51	0.51	0.0
select_random_ranges	0.65	0.64	-1.54
table_scan	207.82	204.11	-1.79
types_table_scan	475.79	475.79	0.0

write_tests	from_latency	to_latency	percent_change
oltp_delete_insert	6.21	6.21	0.0
oltp_insert	3.13	3.13	0.0
oltp_read_write	11.24	11.24	0.0
oltp_update_index	3.3	3.3	0.0
oltp_update_non_index	3.02	3.02	0.0
oltp_write_only	6.32	6.32	0.0
types_delete_insert	6.91	6.79	-1.74

[coffeegoddd]

@elianddb DOLT

test_name	from_latency_p95	to_latency_p95	percent_change
tpcc-scale-factor-1	45.79	46.63	1.83

test_name	from_server_name	from_server_version	from_tps	to_server_name	to_server_version	to_tps	percent_change
tpcc-scale-factor-1	dolt	c855de1	52.41	dolt	6396adb	52.49	0.15

[coffeegoddd]

@elianddb DOLT

comparing_percentages
100.000000 to 100.000000

version	result	total
2711275	ok	5937471

version	total_tests
2711275	5937471

correctness_percentage
100.0

[fulghum]

Looks good! Just a couple small comments to check out. I think testing with ignored tables would be helpful and documenting the expected behavior for ignored files in the code when we do the HEAD check.

[coffeegoddd]

@elianddb DOLT

comparing_percentages
100.000000 to 100.000000

version	result	total
6396adb	ok	5937471

version	total_tests
6396adb	5937471

correctness_percentage
100.0

[github-actions]

@coffeegoddd DOLT

name	add_cnt	delete_cnt	update_cnt	latency
adds_only	60000	0	0	0.6
adds_updates_deletes	60000	60000	60000	2.91
deletes_only	0	60000	0	1.46
updates_only	0	0	60000	1.7

[github-actions]

@coffeegoddd DOLT

test_name	detail	row_cnt	sorted	mysql_time	sql_mult	cli_mult
batching	LOAD DATA	10000	1	0.06	1.67
batching	batch sql	10000	1	0.07	1.71
batching	by line sql	10000	1	0.07	1.71
blob	1 blob	200000	1	0.89	2.76	2.53
blob	2 blobs	200000	1	0.91	2.67	2.45
blob	no blob	200000	1	0.88	2.8	2.55
col type	datetime	200000	1	0.84	2.62	2.42
col type	varchar	200000	1	0.69	3.52	3.25
config width	2 cols	200000	1	0.81	2.62	2.36
config width	32 cols	200000	1	1.92	3.03	2.94
config width	8 cols	200000	1	0.98	2.78	2.63
pk type	float	200000	1	0.89	2.39	2.19
pk type	int	200000	1	0.81	2.63	2.37
pk type	varchar	200000	1	1.51	1.72	1.52
row count	1.6mm	1600000	1	5.8	2.96	2.67
row count	400k	400000	1	1.5	2.83	2.57
row count	800k	800000	1	2.92	2.93	2.65
secondary index	four index	200000	1	3.74	1.27	1.07
secondary index	no secondary	200000	1	0.9	2.73	2.5
secondary index	one index	200000	1	1.14	2.55	2.31
secondary index	two index	200000	1	2.04	1.73	1.48
sorting	shuffled 1mm	1000000	0	5.04	2.77	2.49
sorting	sorted 1mm	1000000	1	5.04	2.78	2.48

[github-actions]

@coffeegoddd DOLT

name	detail	mean_mult
dolt_blame_basic	system table	1.29
dolt_blame_commit_filter	system table	1.22
dolt_commit_ancestors_commit_filter	system table	0.69
dolt_commits_commit_filter	system table	1.16
dolt_diff_log_join_from_commit	system table	3.13
dolt_diff_log_join_to_commit	system table	3.14
dolt_diff_table_from_commit_filter	system table	1.18
dolt_diff_table_to_commit_filter	system table	1.16
dolt_diffs_commit_filter	system table	1.19
dolt_history_commit_filter	system table	1.46
dolt_log_commit_filter	system table	1.2