Value circuits new

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ jobs:
         cabal build all --write-ghc-environment-files=always
         ghc -Wall -Werror -iexample Example
         ghc -Wall -Werror -iexample Testing
+        ghc -Wall -Werror -iexample ValueCircuits
 
     - name: Test
       run: |

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,54 @@
 # Revision history for `circuit-notations`
 
+## 0.3.0.0 -- Unreleased
+
+* Add value-level ports via the new `SignalV` and `FwdV` markers in
+  `circuit` blocks. The circuit's logic is written over the values sampled
+  each clock cycle; the plugin lifts it back to the signal level with
+  `fmap`/`bundle`/`unbundle` and ties feedback loops with a lazy let
+  binding. The bus-level markers still bind the raw forward channel and mix
+  freely with value markers in one block; `Fwd` works on any bus, while the
+  bus-level `Signal` (and new `DSignal`) markers now additionally enforce
+  the bus type, which also drives type inference. See the README and
+  example/ValueCircuits.hs.
+
+  A block can span several clock domains: the value-level bindings are
+  split into groups connected by shared variables and each group is lifted
+  with its own `fmap`/`bundle`/`unbundle`, so only buses whose values
+  actually meet must share a domain. Sharing a value across domains is
+  rejected by the type checker. Lets that don't touch value land stay at
+  the bus level, so let-bound sub-circuits can be used with `-<`.
+
+  The value markers have distinct semantics: `SignalV x` asserts the
+  bus is a `Signal` (best inference — it works against fully generic
+  sub-circuits); `FwdV x` samples/drives the forward channel of any
+  signal-like bus via the new `SignalBus` class (`Signal`s, `Vec`s and
+  tuples of them, custom buses) but needs the bus type determined by
+  context; and `DSignalV x` is `SignalV` for delayed signals — the delay
+  index is part of the bus type, so a logic group's values must all sit at
+  the same pipeline depth, and its outputs are produced at that depth.
+  Mixing plain and delayed markers in one group is reported by the plugin.
+
+  The value boundary is generated with the new `SigTag`, `FwdTag` and
+  `DSigTag` pattern synonyms (`Circuit` module); `SigTag`/`DSigTag` pin the
+  bus type so that type inference survives nested circuits (the `Fwd`
+  family is not injective) and "too shallow" `SignalV` markers report a
+  direct `Vec`-vs-`Signal` style mismatch. **Breaking**: `ExternalNames`
+  gained `signalTagName`, `fwdTagName` and `dSignalTagName` fields, so
+  custom plugins (e.g. clash-protocols style) need to supply them —
+  `defExternalNames` is now exported so they can be record updates of the
+  defaults.
+* Add a per-GHC `checks` output to the flake, so `nix flake check` (or
+  `nix build .#checks.<system>.<ghc>`) builds the package and runs all test
+  suites against every supported GHC. The CI nix job now uses it. The
+  error-location test suite skips itself (with a message) when the ambient
+  `ghc` has no circuit-notation package registered — as during a plain nix
+  build of the package, where it previously failed.
+* Fix the source location of type errors on a bus. Since bus tagging was
+  introduced, such errors pointed at the end of the `circuit` block rather than
+  at the offending statement. Generated bindings are now located at their
+  circuit expression so GHC blames the right line.
+
 ## 0.2.0.0 -- 2026-04-23
 
 * Start of the changelog

README.md

@@ -2,3 +2,77 @@
 
 This is a plugin for manipulating circuits in clash with arrow notation. See example/Example.hs for
 example usage. Also see [clash-protocols](https://github.com/clash-lang/clash-protocols#).
+
+## Value-level ports (`SignalV` / `FwdV`)
+
+The `SignalV` and `FwdV` markers describe a circuit's logic over the *values
+sampled each clock cycle* instead of over whole buses, right inside an
+ordinary `circuit` block:
+
+- `SignalV n <- … -< …` binds `n` to the per-cycle value carried on that bus.
+- `… -< SignalV e` injects the per-cycle value `e` back onto a bus.
+
+(The bus-level markers, which bind the raw forward channel, still exist and
+can be mixed freely with value markers in one block: `Fwd` works on any bus,
+while `Signal` and `DSignal` additionally enforce that the bus is a `Signal`
+or `DSignal` — which also helps type inference, since it pins the bus type.)
+
+The two value markers differ in what buses they accept:
+
+- `SignalV x` asserts the bus *is* a `Signal dom a`; it pins the bus type
+  and so gives the best type inference (it works against fully generic
+  sub-circuits like `idC`).
+- `FwdV x` samples (or drives) the forward channel of *any* signal-like
+  bus — any `SignalBus` instance: `Signal`s, `Vec`s and tuples of
+  signal-like buses (sampled as `Vec`s/tuples of values), and custom buses
+  given a one-line instance. In exchange, the bus type must be determined by
+  context (the circuit's signature or a concretely typed sub-circuit), and
+  pattern uses need a trivial backwards channel (`TrivialBwd (Bwd t)`).
+- `DSignalV x` is `SignalV` for delayed signals (`DSignal dom d a`). The
+  delay index is part of the bus type, so everything in one logic group must
+  sit at the *same pipeline depth* (combining values from different stages
+  is a type error, like mixing clock domains), and since the lifted logic is
+  combinational, a group's outputs are produced at the delay its inputs are
+  sampled at. Groups at different depths can coexist in one block. Plain and
+  delayed values can't meet in one group; the plugin reports mixing them.
+
+Everything in between — the `let` bindings of the do block — is ordinary pure
+Haskell, and feedback loops are written as ordinary recursive `let`s:
+
+```haskell
+counter3 :: Circuit () (Signal dom Int)
+counter3 = circuit do
+  SignalV n <- registerC 0 -< SignalV n'    -- n  :: Int (this cycle's value)
+  SignalV m <- registerC 8 -< SignalV m'    -- m  :: Int
+  let n' = n + 1                            -- pure, value-level
+      m' = m + 1
+  idC -< SignalV (n' + m')
+```
+
+The plugin collects the value-level bindings into pure functions, lifts them
+to the signal level with `fmap` (using `bundle`/`unbundle` to group the
+buses), and ties feedback knots with lazy let bindings. See
+example/ValueCircuits.hs for more examples and the expansion of `counter3`.
+
+A single block can span several clock domains: the value-level bindings are
+split into groups connected by shared variables, and each group is lifted
+independently, so only buses whose values actually meet must share a clock
+domain. Two independent counters on two different domains can live in one
+block; making their values meet (e.g. `SignalV (n + m)`) is an
+unsynchronized clock domain crossing and is rejected by the type checker
+(cross between domains with explicit bus-level synchronizer circuits
+instead).
+
+Notes:
+
+- Pattern match down to *exactly* the signal layer, no shallower; the
+  plugin cannot (yet) know which types contain signals, so the boundary has
+  to be explicit. Marking a bus with `SignalV` when it is not a `Signal`
+  (e.g. a `Vec` of signals) is a type error on the offending statement —
+  use `FwdV` to sample such buses whole.
+- `let` statements that use value-level variables form the bodies of the
+  generated logic functions; `let`s that don't touch value land (e.g. a
+  let-bound sub-circuit) stay at the bus level and can be used with `-<`.
+- The grouping is syntactic and conservative: shadowing a value-level name
+  inside a `let` can merge groups that wouldn't strictly need to share a
+  domain (never the other way around).

circuit-notation.cabal

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 cabal-version: 2.4
 name: circuit-notation
-version: 0.2.0.0
+version: 0.3.0.0
 synopsis: Source plugin for manipulating circuits in Clash using arrow notation
 description:
   Source plugin for manipulating circuits in Clash using arrow notation.
@@ -62,7 +62,9 @@ test-suite library-testsuite
   default-language: Haskell2010
   type: exitcode-stdio-1.0
   main-is: unittests.hs
-  other-modules: Example
+  other-modules:
+    Example
+    ValueCircuits
   hs-source-dirs:
     tests
     example
@@ -71,3 +73,18 @@ test-suite library-testsuite
     base,
     circuit-notation,
     clash-prelude >=1.0,
+
+-- Checks that type errors on a bus point at the offending statement rather than
+-- at the end of the circuit (see tests/fixtures/BusError.hs).
+test-suite error-location
+  default-language: Haskell2010
+  type: exitcode-stdio-1.0
+  main-is: error-location.hs
+  hs-source-dirs: tests
+  build-depends:
+    base,
+    circuit-notation,
+    clash-prelude >=1.0,
+    directory,
+    filepath,
+    process,