From aca19e2df45dc7cb2043d98ceaa3e9439ae542fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Anne van Kesteren <annevk@annevk.nl>
Date: Wed, 8 Jul 2026 08:37:54 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Clarify create an element assertion

Instead of saying "initialized" let's enumerate what these values can actually be and provide an example of something that is potentially unexpected.

Fixes #1338.
---
 dom.bs | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/dom.bs b/dom.bs
index a4b6e4b0..c450b64e 100644
--- a/dom.bs
+++ b/dom.bs
@@ -6954,8 +6954,30 @@ null, or a {{CustomElementRegistry}} object <var>registry</var> (default "<code>
        <li><p>Set <var>result</var> to the result of <a>constructing</a> <var>C</var>, with no
        arguments.
 
-       <li><p>Assert: <var>result</var>'s <a for=Element>custom element state</a> and
-       <a for=Element>custom element definition</a> are initialized.
+       <li>
+        <p><a for=/>Assert</a>: <var>result</var>'s <a for=Element>custom element state</a> is
+        "<code>custom</code>" and its <a for=Element>custom element definition</a> is non-null,
+        <var>result</var>'s <a for=Element>custom element state</a> is "<code>precustomized</code>",
+        or <var>result</var>'s <a for=Element>custom element state</a> is neither
+        "<code>custom</code>" nor "<code>precustomized</code>" and its
+        <a for=Element>custom element definition</a> is null.
+
+        <div class=example id=example-return-override>
+         <pre><code class=lang-javascript>
+          customElements.define("x-example", class extends HTMLElement {
+            constructor() {
+              // Non-conformant: returns an existing element instead of calling super().
+              return document.createElement("p");
+            }
+          });
+
+          document.createElement("x-example");
+         </code></pre>
+
+         <p>Here <var>result</var> is the <code>p</code> <a for=/>element</a>, whose
+         <a for=Element>custom element state</a> is "<code>uncustomized</code>" and whose
+         <a for=Element>custom element definition</a> is null.
+        </div>
 
        <li>
         <p>Assert: <var>result</var>'s <a for=Element>namespace</a> is the <a>HTML namespace</a>.

From ef96cc88353ad1bec4bddaec33e0420b92527b9e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Anne van Kesteren <annevk@annevk.nl>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2026 15:40:11 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] use a list

---
 dom.bs | 17 +++++++++++------
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/dom.bs b/dom.bs
index c450b64e..2ec90fca 100644
--- a/dom.bs
+++ b/dom.bs
@@ -6955,12 +6955,17 @@ null, or a {{CustomElementRegistry}} object <var>registry</var> (default "<code>
        arguments.
 
        <li>
-        <p><a for=/>Assert</a>: <var>result</var>'s <a for=Element>custom element state</a> is
-        "<code>custom</code>" and its <a for=Element>custom element definition</a> is non-null,
-        <var>result</var>'s <a for=Element>custom element state</a> is "<code>precustomized</code>",
-        or <var>result</var>'s <a for=Element>custom element state</a> is neither
-        "<code>custom</code>" nor "<code>precustomized</code>" and its
-        <a for=Element>custom element definition</a> is null.
+        <p><a for=/>Assert</a>: one of the following is true:
+
+        <ul class=brief>
+         <li><var>result</var>'s <a for=Element>custom element state</a> is "<code>custom</code>"
+         and its <a for=Element>custom element definition</a> is non-null;
+         <li><var>result</var>'s <a for=Element>custom element state</a> is
+         "<code>precustomized</code>"; or
+         <li><var>result</var>'s <a for=Element>custom element state</a> is neither
+         "<code>custom</code>" nor "<code>precustomized</code>" and its
+         <a for=Element>custom element definition</a> is null.
+        </ul>
 
         <div class=example id=example-return-override>
          <pre><code class=lang-javascript>