diff --git a/.changeset/fix-checkbox-bubble-input-a11y-3167.md b/.changeset/fix-checkbox-bubble-input-a11y-3167.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2bd8117e68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/fix-checkbox-bubble-input-a11y-3167.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@radix-ui/react-checkbox': patch
+---
+
+Fix bubble input accessibility by using the native `hidden` attribute instead of `aria-hidden`, and mirror label association from the control to the hidden input.
diff --git a/packages/react/checkbox/src/checkbox.test.tsx b/packages/react/checkbox/src/checkbox.test.tsx
index 34147891c8..6d9e9d40c4 100644
--- a/packages/react/checkbox/src/checkbox.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/react/checkbox/src/checkbox.test.tsx
@@ -296,6 +296,27 @@ describe('Checkbox', () => {
       expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false);
     });
   });
+
+  // Regression test for https://github.com/radix-ui/primitives/issues/3167
+  describe('given a Checkbox with label association in a form', () => {
+    it('should hide the bubble input with the native hidden attribute', async () => {
+      const rendered = render(
+        <form>
+          <label htmlFor="pikachu">
+            Pikachu
+            <Checkbox.Root id="pikachu" name="Pikachu" value="Pikachu">
+              <Checkbox.Indicator data-testid={INDICATOR_TEST_ID} />
+            </Checkbox.Root>
+          </label>
+        </form>,
+      );
+
+      const input = rendered.container.querySelector('input[type="checkbox"]');
+      expect(input).toHaveAttribute('hidden');
+      expect(input).not.toHaveAttribute('aria-hidden');
+      expect(await axe(rendered.container)).toHaveNoViolations();
+    });
+  });
 });
 
 describe('Legacy Checkbox', () => {
@@ -478,21 +499,9 @@ describe('Legacy Checkbox', () => {
 });
 
 function LegacyCheckbox(props: React.ComponentProps<typeof Checkbox.Root>) {
-  const containerRef = React.useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
-  React.useEffect(() => {
-    // We use the `hidden` attribute to hide the nested input from both sighted users and the
-    // accessibility tree. This is perfectly valid so long as users don't override the display of
-    // `hidden` in CSS. Unfortunately axe doesn't recognize this, so we get a violation because the
-    // input doesn't have a label. This adds an additional `aria-hidden` attribute to the input to
-    // get around that.
-    // https://developer.paciellogroup.com/blog/2012/05/html5-accessibility-chops-hidden-and-aria-hidden/
-    containerRef.current?.querySelector('input')?.setAttribute('aria-hidden', 'true');
-  }, []);
   return (
-    <div ref={containerRef}>
-      <Checkbox.Root aria-label="basic checkbox" {...props}>
-        <Checkbox.Indicator data-testid={INDICATOR_TEST_ID} />
-      </Checkbox.Root>
-    </div>
+    <Checkbox.Root aria-label="basic checkbox" {...props}>
+      <Checkbox.Indicator data-testid={INDICATOR_TEST_ID} />
+    </Checkbox.Root>
   );
 }
diff --git a/packages/react/checkbox/src/checkbox.tsx b/packages/react/checkbox/src/checkbox.tsx
index f0e82f02e8..b8944c123c 100644
--- a/packages/react/checkbox/src/checkbox.tsx
+++ b/packages/react/checkbox/src/checkbox.tsx
@@ -341,16 +341,21 @@ const CheckboxBubbleInput = React.forwardRef<HTMLInputElement, CheckboxBubbleInp
     }, [bubbleInput, prevChecked, checked, hasConsumerStoppedPropagationRef]);
 
     const defaultCheckedRef = React.useRef(isIndeterminate(checked) ? false : checked);
+    const controlAriaLabel = control?.getAttribute('aria-label') ?? undefined;
+    const controlAriaLabelledBy = control?.getAttribute('aria-labelledby') ?? undefined;
+
     return (
       <Primitive.input
         type="checkbox"
-        aria-hidden
+        hidden
         defaultChecked={defaultChecked ?? defaultCheckedRef.current}
         required={required}
         disabled={disabled}
         name={name}
         value={value}
         form={form}
+        aria-label={controlAriaLabel}
+        aria-labelledby={controlAriaLabelledBy}
         {...props}
         tabIndex={-1}
         ref={composedRefs}